2.2.4. Definitions of exchange

  • strict warning: Non-static method view::load() should not be called statically in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/views.module on line 1118.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_argument::options_validate() should be compatible with views_handler::options_validate($form, &$form_state) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_argument.inc on line 917.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_argument::query() should be compatible with views_handler::query($group_by = false) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_argument.inc on line 917.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_sort::options_validate() should be compatible with views_handler::options_validate($form, &$form_state) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_sort.inc on line 165.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_sort::options_submit() should be compatible with views_handler::options_submit($form, &$form_state) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_sort.inc on line 165.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_sort::query() should be compatible with views_handler::query($group_by = false) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_sort.inc on line 165.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_filter::options_validate() should be compatible with views_handler::options_validate($form, &$form_state) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_filter.inc on line 599.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_filter::query() should be compatible with views_handler::query($group_by = false) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_filter.inc on line 599.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_filter_node_status::operator_form() should be compatible with views_handler_filter::operator_form(&$form, &$form_state) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/modules/node/views_handler_filter_node_status.inc on line 15.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_plugin_argument_validate::options_submit() should be compatible with views_plugin::options_submit($form, &$form_state) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/plugins/views_plugin_argument_validate.inc on line 87.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_plugin_argument_validate_taxonomy_term::options_submit() should be compatible with views_plugin_argument_validate::options_submit(&$form, &$form_state) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/modules/taxonomy/views_plugin_argument_validate_taxonomy_term.inc on line 165.
  • strict warning: Non-static method view::load() should not be called statically in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/views.module on line 1118.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_plugin_query::options_submit() should be compatible with views_plugin::options_submit($form, &$form_state) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/plugins/views_plugin_query.inc on line 181.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_plugin_row::options_validate() should be compatible with views_plugin::options_validate(&$form, &$form_state) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/plugins/views_plugin_row.inc on line 136.
  • strict warning: Non-static method view::load() should not be called statically in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/views.module on line 1118.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_argument::options_validate() should be compatible with views_handler::options_validate($form, &$form_state) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_argument.inc on line 917.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_argument::query() should be compatible with views_handler::query($group_by = false) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_argument.inc on line 917.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_sort::options_validate() should be compatible with views_handler::options_validate($form, &$form_state) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_sort.inc on line 165.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_sort::options_submit() should be compatible with views_handler::options_submit($form, &$form_state) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_sort.inc on line 165.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_sort::query() should be compatible with views_handler::query($group_by = false) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_sort.inc on line 165.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_filter::options_validate() should be compatible with views_handler::options_validate($form, &$form_state) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_filter.inc on line 599.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_filter::query() should be compatible with views_handler::query($group_by = false) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_filter.inc on line 599.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_filter_node_status::operator_form() should be compatible with views_handler_filter::operator_form(&$form, &$form_state) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/modules/node/views_handler_filter_node_status.inc on line 15.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_plugin_argument_validate::options_submit() should be compatible with views_plugin::options_submit($form, &$form_state) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/plugins/views_plugin_argument_validate.inc on line 87.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_plugin_argument_validate_taxonomy_term::options_submit() should be compatible with views_plugin_argument_validate::options_submit(&$form, &$form_state) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/modules/taxonomy/views_plugin_argument_validate_taxonomy_term.inc on line 165.
  • strict warning: Non-static method view::load() should not be called statically in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/views.module on line 1118.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_plugin_query::options_submit() should be compatible with views_plugin::options_submit($form, &$form_state) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/plugins/views_plugin_query.inc on line 181.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_plugin_row::options_validate() should be compatible with views_plugin::options_validate(&$form, &$form_state) in /home/arf_nkt/mapaspects6/sites/all/modules/views/plugins/views_plugin_row.inc on line 136.

Studies of exchange can contribute to understanding human behavior because, more than any other species, humans have possessions and shift them between individuals. A person can acquire an object of wealth either by producing it or exchanging for it. In the terms used by economic anthropologists, exchange takes a number of forms in social interaction. Wealth is the objective of a person's labor and is therefore culturally determined. Markets refers to a market-based economy where prices reflect supply and demand (LaLone 1982: 300), as is not to be confused with aggregated transfers of various forms occurring in marketplaces. Exchange or trade are commonly used terms for processes referred to more generally by economists as transfer or allocation (Hunt 2002). Commodities, goods, and products are used here synonymously here and do not imply exchangeability or alienability.