%0 Journal Article
%J World Archaeology
%D 1994
%T Titicaca Basin archaeolinguistics - Uru, Pukina and Aymara Ad 750-1450
%A Browman, David L.
%K aymara colla lupaqa titicaca altiplano puna altitude adaptation anth150b andes exchange
%L UCSB Main Lib GN700 .W67
%P 235-251
%V 26
%X Current linguistic and ethnohistoric models propose that the Aymara ethnic group were late migrants into the Titicaca basin, and favor Uru or Pukina ethnic groups as the authors of the Tiwanaku civilization, which dominated the Central Andes for roughly half a millenium (AD500-1000). A review of linguistic, ethnohistoric, and archaeological data suggests that the Aymara may have been organized in a manner termed 'salpicada', which resulted in the historic pattern of intermingled Uru, Pukina and Aymara communities.
%Z Are Uru and Pukina the same language? No, but both derive from Arawak.TORERO:Frequent references to Torero's work on Pukina history: relationship of Quechua and Aymara.Cuzco -> Wari = Aymara speakingnorth Titicaca = Pukinasouth Titicaca = UruAymara tied to commerce in all regions.Uru in south replaced by Pukina (200BC) then by Aymara (AD1100-1200).Aymara pushed south by Quechua speakers (AD1200), or was it with the spread of Wari (ca AD500)?BOUYSSE-CASSAGNE: Aymara comes north from northern Chile. DNA tests support this movement (Salzano and Callegari-Jacques 1988:198).STANISH ALDENDERFERHousehold architecture, esp non-portable objects. Ceramics in burials not conclusive ethnic evidence (1992).CONCLUSIONS: Aymara arrive from north (Wari) or south and occupy basin for at least 1000 yrs before Inka.